CODE EXAMPLE FOR PYTHON

json to base64 python

>>> import json
>>> import base64
>>> d = {"alg": "ES256"} 
>>> s = json.dumps(d)  # Turns your json dict into a str
>>> print(s)
{"alg": "ES256"}
>>> type(s)
<class 'str'>
>>> base64.b64encode(s)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3.2/base64.py", line 56, in b64encode
    raise TypeError("expected bytes, not %s" % s.__class__.__name__)
TypeError: expected bytes, not str
>>> base64.b64encode(s.encode('utf-8'))
b'eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYifQ=='