nano --linenumbers [filename]
-l, --linenumbers
Display line numbers to the left of the text area.
ALT + SHIFT + # for ubuntu
Accidentally found nice shortcut: Alt+#, which in some keyboard layouts can be done with Alt+Shift+3.
according to the man page for nanorc, you can add set linenumbers in ~/.nanorc, /etc/nanorc, $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/nano/nanorc or ~/.config/nano/nanorc.
To show line numbers along the side: ALT + SHIFT + 3
To show cursor position at the bottom: ALT + C (or CTRL + C for temporary)
nano -l foo.txt
nano --linenumbers foo.txt