// Html part
<article>
<div id="div-01">Here is div-01
<div id="div-02">Here is div-02
<div id="div-03">Here is div-03</div>
</div>
</div>
</article>
// Js code to get closest
var el = document.getElementById('div-03');
var r1 = el.closest("#div-02");
// returns the element with the id=div-02
var r2 = el.closest("div div");
// returns the closest ancestor which is a div in div, here it is the div-03 itself
var r3 = el.closest("article > div");
// returns the closest ancestor which is a div and has a parent article, here it is the div-01
var r4 = el.closest(":not(div)");
// returns the closest ancestor which is not a div, here it is the outmost article