PHP

wp_enqueue_script

function wpdocs_theme_name_scripts() {
    wp_enqueue_style( 'style-name', get_stylesheet_uri() );
    wp_enqueue_script( 'script-name', get_template_directory_uri() . '/js/example.js', array(), '1.0.0', true );
}
add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'wpdocs_theme_name_scripts' );

wp_enqueue_script jquery

// include custom jQuery
function shapeSpace_include_custom_jquery() {

	wp_deregister_script('jquery');
	wp_enqueue_script('jquery', 'https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js', array(), null, true);

}
add_action('wp_enqueue_scripts', 'shapeSpace_include_custom_jquery');

wp_enqueue_script

wp_enqueue_script( $handle, $src, $deps, $ver, $in_footer);

wp_enqueue_script( 'script', get_template_directory_uri() . '/js/script.js', array ( 'jquery' ), 1.1, true);